What is Endoscopy?
Endoscopy is a medical test that lets doctors look inside your body. During the endoscopy procedure, a thin, flexible tube with a camera is used. This tube is called an endoscope. Because it has a light and camera, doctors can see pictures of your organs on a screen. For example, doctors may check your throat, stomach, or colon. In many cases, endoscopy helps find the cause of symptoms like pain or bleeding. According to the CDC, endoscopy is safe and common in hospitals and clinics.
Why is Endoscopy Performed?
Doctors use endoscopy for many reasons. Sometimes, they need to find out why you have certain symptoms. For instance, if you have ongoing stomach pain, endoscopy can help. In addition, doctors may use it to take small tissue samples, called biopsies. These samples help check for diseases like cancer or infection. Furthermore, endoscopy can help remove small growths, such as polyps. In some cases, it is used to treat bleeding inside the body. Because endoscopy gives clear images, it helps doctors make the right diagnosis.
How to Prepare for an Endoscopy
Proper endoscopy preparation is important for a safe and accurate test. Your doctor will give you clear instructions before the procedure. Usually, you need to stop eating and drinking for several hours. This helps keep your stomach empty. Sometimes, you may need to stop certain medicines. For example, blood thinners may need to be paused. Always tell your doctor about all medicines and allergies. In some cases, you may need to arrange for someone to drive you home. Because sedation is often used, you may feel sleepy afterward.
What Happens During the Procedure
During endoscopy, you will lie on a table. Most often, you get medicine to help you relax. Sometimes, you may be fully awake but comfortable. The doctor gently guides the endoscope into your body. For example, it may go through your mouth or rectum, depending on the area being checked. Because the tube is thin and flexible, most people feel only mild discomfort. The doctor watches the camera images on a screen. If needed, small tools can be passed through the endoscope to take samples or remove growths. Usually, the endoscopy procedure takes 15 to 45 minutes.
Possible Risks and Complications
Although endoscopy is safe, there are some endoscopy risks. Most people have no problems. However, some may have mild side effects. For example, you might feel a sore throat, bloating, or mild cramping. Rarely, more serious problems can happen. These may include:
If you have chest pain, trouble breathing, fever, or heavy bleeding after endoscopy, contact your doctor right away. According to the World Health Organization, serious complications are rare but need quick care.
Recovery and Aftercare Tips
After the endoscopy procedure, you will rest until the medicine wears off. Because sedation can make you sleepy, you should not drive or use machines for the rest of the day. Most people can eat and drink soon after the test. However, your doctor may give you special instructions. You might feel mild bloating or a sore throat for a short time. These symptoms usually go away within a day. To help your recovery:
Most people return to normal activities by the next day. If you have any questions, always ask your healthcare provider.